Makina ozizirira amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: kuziziritsa mpweya ndi kuziziritsa madzi. Makina oziziritsira mpweya amaziziritsa{1}}zigawo zotentha kwambiri za injiniyo potulutsa mwachindunji kutentha mumlengalenga; pamene dongosolo loziziritsira madzi limasamutsira kutentha ku chozizirirapo, ndiyeno choziziriracho chimataya kutentha mumlengalenga. Dongosolo loziziritsa madzi limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mainjini agalimoto chifukwa cha zabwino zake monga kuziziritsa yunifolomu, zotsatira zabwino komanso phokoso lotsika la injini. M'njira yozizirira madzi, kutentha kwa choziziritsa kumayenera kusungidwa pakati pa 80 ~ 90 digiri kuti injini igwire bwino ntchito.
Dongosolo loziziritsa mpweya makamaka limadalira mpweya monga sing'anga yozizira, ndipo kutentha kwa sinki ya kutentha kumatayidwa mumlengalenga kudzera mumayendedwe a mpweya. Dongosololi limapangidwa makamaka ndi zigawo monga mafani, owongolera mpweya, zowukira kutentha, zowongolera mpweya za silinda ndi zogawa, zomwe pamodzi zimapanga njira yabwino yochotsera kutentha.
Silinda ndi mutu wa silinda wa mpweya-injini yoziziritsa zonse zili ndi masinki otentha, ndipo mbali ziwirizi nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa padera ndi kulumikizidwa pamodzi. Mutu wa silinda umapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu alloy ndipo uli ndi masinki aatali otentha chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kuzizira komanso kuonetsetsa kuti kuzizira kumakhala kofanana, makina oziziritsa mpweya amakhala ndi kalozera wa mpweya ndi chogawanitsa. Malo a fani amasiyana malinga ndi kapangidwe ka injini. Ikhoza kukhala pakati pa kutsogolo kwa injini kapena kuikidwa kutsogolo kwa mizere yamanzere ndi kumanja ya masilinda.
Ubwino wa makina oziziritsa mpweya ndi mawonekedwe ake osavuta, ntchito yodalirika, kulemera kwake, kutentha mofulumira komanso ndalama. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo otentha kwambiri monga zipululu ndi malo ozizira monga madera a polar. Komabe, ilinso ndi zovuta zina, monga vuto lokonzekera bwino kuzizira, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri komanso phokoso panthawi yogwira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, njira yoziziritsira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'magalimoto ang'onoang'ono-osunthidwa ndi injini zamagalimoto zankhondo.
Kumbali ina, njira yozizirira madzi imagwiritsa ntchito zoziziritsa kukhosi (kapena madzi) ngati sing'anga yozizira. Pamene injini ikugwira ntchito, choziziriracho chimazungulira mosalekeza, kutengera kutentha kwakukulu kuchokera ku jekete lamadzi la injiniyo, kenako ndikuchitaya mumlengalenga. Malinga ndi njira yozungulira yozizirira, njira yoziziritsira madzi imatha kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu: evaporative, kufalikira kwachilengedwe komanso kukakamiza kozungulira. Pakalipano, makina oziziritsira madzi okakamiza oyendayenda amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto, omwe amadalira kuyendetsa kwa mpope wamadzi kukakamiza choziziritsa kukhosi kuti chizungulire mu injini.